如今在先进的焊接技术是激光焊接。激光焊接机利用高能量的激光脉冲对材料进行微小区域内的局部加热，激光辐射的能量通过热传导向材料的内部扩散，将材料熔化后形成特定熔池。它是一种新型的焊接方式，主要针对薄壁材料、精密零件的焊接，可实现点焊、叠焊、密封焊等，深宽比高，焊缝宽度小，热影响区小、焊接速度快，美观，焊后无需处理或只需简单处理，聚焦光点小，定位精度高，易实现自动化。那么激光焊接机有哪些可焊接工艺?

Nowadays, the advanced welding technology is laser welding. Laser welding machines use high-energy laser pulses to locally heat the material in small areas. The energy radiated by the laser is directed through heat transfer to the internal diffusion of the material, melting the material and forming a specific molten pool. It is a new type of welding method mainly aimed at the welding of thin-walled materials and precision parts, which can achieve spot welding, overlap welding, sealing welding, etc. It has a high aspect ratio, small weld width, small heat affected zone, fast welding speed, aesthetics, no need for treatment or simple treatment after welding, small focus points, high positioning accuracy, and easy to achieve automation. So what are the welding processes available for laser welding machines? 

激光焊接机有哪些可焊接工艺?

What are the welding processes available for laser welding machines?

   1、人工焊接

1. Manual welding

   小型工件通常采用手动工作站执行焊接工作，例如焊接珠宝或者修复工具。

Small workpieces typically use manual workstations to perform welding work, such as welding jewelry or repair tools.

   2、应用

2. Application

   有时候，激光束只需要沿着单一的移动轴焊接。比如使用缝焊接机或者管焊接系统进行管材焊接或者缝焊接。

2. Sometimes, the laser beam only needs to be welded along a single moving axis. For example, using a seam welding machine or pipe welding system for pipe welding or seam welding.

   3、系统和机器人

3. Systems and Robots

   激光束通常连接以立体焊接几何结构为特征的三维零件。采用五轴基于坐标的激光单元和一组可移动的光学配件。

3. The system and robot laser beams are typically connected to three-dimensional parts characterized by three-dimensional welding geometry. Adopting a five axis coordinate based laser unit and a set of movable optical accessories.

4、扫描振镜或者远程焊接

4. Scanning galvanometer or remote welding

 扫描振镜在离工件很远的距离引导激光束，而在其他焊接方法中，光学透镜是在离工件很近的距离引导激光束。

The scanning galvanometer guides the laser beam at a long distance from the workpiece, while in other welding methods, the optical lens guides the laser beam at a very close distance from the workpiece.

扫描振镜依靠一个或者两个可移动的反射镜，快速定位激光束，使得复位焊缝之间的光束所需时间接近为0，从而提高产能，适用于生产大量的短焊缝，并可以优化焊接顺序来保证最小的热量输入和畸变。

The scanning galvanometer relies on one or two movable mirrors to quickly locate the laser beam, making the time required to reset the beam between welds close to zero, thereby increasing production capacity. It is suitable for producing a large number of short welds and can optimize the welding sequence to ensure minimal heat input and distortion.

5、远程焊接系统

5. Remote welding system

远程焊接系统有两种实现方式。第一种是一个远程焊接系统。工件放置在扫描光学振镜下工作区域内，然后被焊接。在短时间内焊接大量零件时，在光学振镜下通过机器连续不断地运输零件，这个过程被称作飞行焊接。

There are two implementation methods for remote welding systems. The first type is a remote welding system. The workpiece is placed in the working area under the scanning optical galvanometer and then welded. When welding a large number of parts in a short period of time, the parts are continuously transported by the machine under the optical galvanometer, and this process is called flight welding.

第二种是承载扫描光学振镜的机器人执行大的移动量，同时，扫描光学振镜保证激光束沿着工件来回移动时的精密定位。机器控制同步机器人和扫描光学透镜的重叠移动，它测量机器人几毫米内的精确的空间位置，控制系统将测量的位置与程序路径对比。如果检测到偏差，就会通过扫描光学振镜进行补偿控制。

The second type is a robot that carries a scanning optical galvanometer to perform large movements, while the scanning optical galvanometer ensures precise positioning of the laser beam as it moves back and forth along the workpiece. The machine controls the overlapping movement of the synchronous robot and the scanning optical lens, which measures the precise spatial position of the robot within a few millimeters. The control system compares the measured position with the program path. If a deviation is detected, it will be compensated and controlled by scanning the optical mirror.